MySQL安装

MySQL安装

本教程将介绍如何使用MySQL Installer在Windows平台(Win10)上安装MySQL。在学习并按照本教程所示的步骤操作之后,您将有一个MySQL数据库服务器在您的系统中,并以此MySQL数据库服务器为基础,运行相关工具来学习和实践MySQL。

下载MySQL安装程序

这里想要说的是,安装MySQL的方式有好几种,由于文章篇幅的限制,这里只选定一种作为安装演示。具体的安装,可以按照你喜欢的方式来。只要有两种方式:

  1. 在线安装版,下载:mysql-installer-web-community.exe
  2. 离线安装版,下载:mysql-installer-community.exe
  3. 解压缩版,下载:Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive

上面的下载安装程序,可以从网址: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 找到。

如果要在Windows环境中安装MySQL,使用MySQL安装程序是最简单的方法。MySQL安装程序为您提供了一个易于使用的向导,可帮助您使用以下组件安装MySQL:

  • MySQL服务器
  • 所有可用连接器
  • 具有示例数据模型的MySQL Workbench
  • MySQL通知程序
  • Excel和Microsoft Visual Studio的工具
  • MySQL示例数据库
  • MySQL文档

现在,我们一步步来看,如何下载并安装 MySQL 服务器软件。

第一步:下载所需的安装包

打开网址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ , 如下所示 –

注:因为在编写本教程时,使用的是Win10 64位的操作系统,所以这里选择:Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive 下载

在弹出的第二个页面中,选择点击“No thanks, just start my download.” 跳过注册/登录帐号环节直接下载。如下图所示 –

然后,耐心等待下载完成…

第二步:压缩到指定目录

准备好一个安装 MySQL 程序的目录,如:D:/software

在本教程中,您已经学会了如何使用MySQL安装程序在Windows系统中安装MySQL,下载MySQL示例数据库并将其加载到MySQL服务器中,以通过此MySQL教程练习和学习MySQL。

这里解压后的目录为:D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64 , 此目录下的文件如下所示 –

第三步:启动MySQL服务器

管理员身份打开命令行,进入 MySQL 服务器安装的目录:D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin ,执行以下命令启动 MySQL –

Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.10586]
(c) 2015 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。
C:\WINDOWS\system32>D:
D:\>cd software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin
D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin>mysqld -install
Service successfully installed.
D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin>net start mysql
MySQL 服务正在启动 ..
MySQL 服务已经启动成功。
D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin>

如果有提示如下错误 –

D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin> mysqld.exe
mysqld: Can't change dir to 'D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\data' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
2017-07-14T18:48:51.023897Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
... ...
2017-07-14T18:48:51.039516Z 0 [Note] Binlog end
2017-07-14T18:48:51.039516Z 0 [Note] mysqld.exe: Shutdown complete

上面错误提示中,已经说明了:

mysqld: Can't change dir to 'D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\data' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)

则需要在创建一个目录:D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\data\ ,现在我们就来创建这个目录,在创建目录完成后重新执行 mysqld -install 启动 MySQL 服务器 –

一定要注意两个问题,切记!

第一: 以管理员自身份打开CMD;
第二:用cd命令进入到你MySQL文件的解压路径。

第四步:连接MySQL服务器

服务启动成功之后,就可以连接/登录MySQL服务器了,打开命令提交符界面输入mysql -u root -pmysql -h localhost -u root -p(第一次登录没有密码,直接按回车过),登录成功,但是登录成功后,不能执行任何操作,MySQL服务器要求您必须设置密码再执行其它操作。

假设我们登录成功后,要查看当前目录下所数据名称(执行查询:show databases),但它提示要先设置密码。完整的过程如下所示 –

D:\software\mysql-5.7.18-winx64\bin>mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.9

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.11 sec)

mysql>

有关解压包安装MySQl服务器就这样完成了~,如果想要使用在线安装的方式来安装MySQL,请参考: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-installer.html

或者,如果您觉得安装过程比较烦锁,那么可以使用以下在线环境。

MySQL在线环境(免安装)

Mysql是最流行的关系型数据库管理系统,在WEB应用方面MySQL是最好的RDBMS(Relational Database Management System:关系数据库管理系统)应用软件之一。具有免费开源、跨平台、支持多种语言、支持千万级大型记录等特点。下面我将向你介绍如何在 CloudStudio 平台上运行MySql服务,以最小的成本搭建一个MySql数据库。

CloudStudio PHP 开发环境中为我们集成了一个MySql5.7.12的服务端程序,使用起来也非常简单。下面我将叫你如何启动运行它:

  • step1:访问CloudStudio,注册/登录账户。
  • step2:在右侧的运行环境菜单选择:"PHP" 运行环境
  • step3:通过命令: sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start启动MySql服务
  • step4:通过命令:mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p可以登录mysql服务端,默认密码是coding(我承认我是蒙对的)。

    至此,一个Mysql的服务便启动了!它的配置文件的位置是:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 你可以自己去更改配置。

 

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